Serfdom ended because the plague killed most people, and with less workers, the workers had bargaining power.
The population is now sky rocketing, but the gap between the wealthy and the poor is growing. This means more and more peasants and less and yet more wealthy individuals. Many of these huge corporations have literally built cities completely owned by them.
Workers no longer have bargaining power. Unemployment is intentional in order that there will always be a surplus of desperate workers willing to fill any roles that companies require.
It won't be called serfdom, at least not initially, but it will be serfdom in all but name.