The history is well documented and very clear. I can speak to the southern U.S. because that is where I am from but my family is Black and spread around the carribean and the Continent so I know first hand the story is very very similar all over. The tl;dr is anti-Black racism, capitalism, theft by the ruling class keeps agricultural workers wages as low as they can be despite the end of chattel slavery and the rise of mechanized farming. The end of chattel slavery in the Americas did not change the core economic relationship or power dynamic as chattel slavery was replaced with share cropping, convict leasing, mass annual migration of temporary workers (a phenomenon that happens in in a lot of places) who have hardly any enforced rights so wages for them stay very very low.
We went from 3x to 100x+ yield/worker ratio in agriculture over the past 600 years. A rational market would have made farmers relatively comfortable working class but capitalism and markets aren't rational unless the goal is profits for capitalist. Even white farmers who, due to anti-Blackness, have fared much better are being crunched and priced out of agriculture as a business for conglomerates and the richest farmers among them. In a more just world we'd probably have a lower yield/worker ratio because a lot of the efficiency today comes from fossil fuel extraction. But even with fossil fuel use reduced for the sake of our ecosystem we'd be doing far better than the 3x yield/worker ratio and agricultural workers wouldn't be living in the depths of poverty or straight up bondage all over the world.
For people living in the west or who live in places where long standing social contracts have collapsed due to ongoing conflict (often stoked by neo-colonial rulers with funding by imperialist and rich countries) it can seem like a hopeless idea that people would grow food for each other without the market dynamics and violence that run the agricultural system today. But it happens anyway and i for one have been teaching myself to grow food using my ancestral traditions and practices because my people were subsistence farming until 50 years ago and our older elders are 80 so picking it up has just been a matter of talking to our parents and grand parents.
Anyway heres to a future were capitalism, private property, and all the b.s. that comes with it no longer makes the basic foundational activities of our species into the most horrible work possible that no one can afford to spend much of their life doing.
edit: changed property to private property which is pretty clear I meant that from context but assholes love to troll popular subs and turn every little detail into a fight so yes…private property (plantations, mines, factories, apartment buildings) not personal property (single family homes, toasters, family pictures, bicycles, etc.)